acceleration: A change within the velocity or path of some object.
atom: The essential unit of a chemical aspect. Atoms are made up of a dense nucleus that accommodates positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons. The nucleus is orbited by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
atomic: Having to do with atoms, the smallest potential unit that makes up a chemical aspect.
decay: (for radioactive supplies) The method whereby a radioactive isotope — which suggests a bodily unstable type of some aspect — sheds power and subatomic particles. In time, this shedding will remodel the unstable aspect right into a barely totally different however steady aspect. As an example, uranium-238 (which is a radioactive, or unstable, isotope) decays to radium-222 (additionally a radioactive isotope), which decays to radon-222 (additionally radioactive), which decays to polonium-210 (additionally radioactive), which decays to lead-206 — which is steady. No additional decay happens. The charges of decay from one isotope to a different can vary from timeframes of lower than a second to billions of years.
electromagnetism: The science that has to do with the bodily hyperlinks between electrical energy and magnetism. It’s additionally the time period for the properties of an electrical present that trigger it to generate a magnetic area. This time period can be utilized to the bodily pressure (the electromagnetic pressure) that governs interactions between charged particles and that are because of their electrical cost and their launch or absorption of sunshine (photons).
pressure: Some exterior affect that may change the movement of a physique, maintain our bodies shut to 1 one other, or produce movement or stress in a stationary physique.
basic: One thing that’s primary or serves as the inspiration for an additional factor or thought.
gravity: The pressure that pulls something with mass, or bulk, towards some other factor with mass. The extra mass that one thing has, the larger its gravity.
inertia: The tendency of objects to withstand adjustments of their movement.
mass: A quantity that exhibits how a lot an object resists rushing up and slowing down — mainly a measure of how a lot matter that object is made out of.
neutron: A subatomic particle carrying no electrical cost that is among the primary items of matter. Neutrons belong to the household of particles often known as hadrons.
orbit: The curved path of a celestial object or spacecraft round a galaxy, star, planet or moon. One full circuit round a celestial physique.
particle: A minute quantity of one thing.
proton: A subatomic particle that is among the primary constructing blocks of the atoms that make up matter. Protons belong to the household of particles often known as hadrons.
radiation: (in physics) One of many three main ways in which power is transferred. (The opposite two are conduction and convection.) In radiation, electromagnetic waves carry power from one place to a different. In contrast to conduction and convection, which want materials to assist switch the power, radiation can switch power throughout empty area.
radioactive: An adjective that describes unstable components, reminiscent of sure varieties (isotopes) of uranium and plutonium. Such components are stated to be unstable as a result of their nucleus sheds power that’s carried away by photons and/or and sometimes a number of subatomic particles. This emission of power is by a course of often known as radioactive decay.
radioactive decay: A course of by which a component is transformed right into a lighter aspect via the shedding of subatomic particles (and power).
robust pressure: (in physics) A basic interplay in nature, one which binds quarks collectively to make different sorts of subatomic particles, reminiscent of protons and neutrons. This pressure additionally holds protons and neutrons collectively inside an atom’s nucleus. Not all subatomic particles can “really feel” this pressure. Electrons and different leptons, as an example, are proof against it.
solar: The star on the middle of Earth’s photo voltaic system. It’s about 27,000 light-years from the middle of the Milky Means galaxy. Additionally a time period for any sunlike star.
universe: Your complete cosmos: All issues that exist all through area and time. It has been increasing since its formation throughout an occasion often known as the Huge Bang, some 13.8 billion years in the past (give or take a number of hundred million years).
